Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Oncology

Types of ALL

The 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification of acute leukaemia describes different types of ALL according to the cell lineage they originate. B-ALLs are further subdivided into those without genetic alterations and those with genetic abnormalities, including a list of known alterations.

1. A subgroup called acute leukaemias of ambiguous lineage, which includes:

  • Acute undifferentiated leukaemia
  • Mixed phenotype acute leukaemia (MPAL) with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2); BCR-ABL1
  • MPAL with t(v;11q23.3); KMT2A rearranged
  • MPAL, B/myeloid, NOS
  • MPAL, T/myeloid, NOS

2. A subgroup called B-lymphoblastic leukemia, which includes:

  • B-lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma, Not other specification
  • B-lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma with recurrent genetic abnormalities
  • B-lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma with t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2);BCR-ABL1
  • B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with t(v;11q23.3);KMT2A rearranged
  • B-lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma with t(12;21)(p13.2;q22.1); ETV6-RUNX1
  • B-lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma with hyperdiploidy
  • B-lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma with hypodiploidy
  • B-lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma with t(5;14)(q31.1;q32.3) IL3-IGH
  • B-lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma with t(1;19)(q23;p13.3);TCF3-PBX1
  • Provisional entity: B-lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma, BCR-ABL1–like
  • Provisional entity: B-lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma with iAMP21

3. T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia: 

  • Provisional entity: Early T-cell precursor lymphoblastic leukaemia
  • Provisional entity: Natural killer (NK) cell lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma

** List adapted from Terwilliger T and Abdul-Hay M. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a comprehensive review and 2017 update. Blood Cancer J. 7, e577 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/bcj.2017.53

Classification
Source of the image: Unsplash

 

Last modified
13 August 2020
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